Negatively charged particles sink to the bottom of the cloud as they are heavier. The positive will grow at the top of a cloud, the negative at the bottom. When the positive and negative charges grow large enough, a giant spark happens. Sometimes this spark connects to the ground leading to fork lightning. There are a variety of conditions which can lead to the charged particles. Turbulent winds, differences in air pressure and atmospheric temperature can all influence the creation of lightning ⛈️
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